Title: Present Perfect or Past Simple?
Course: English at EOI (2nd level)

CONTENTS

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Past Simple: FORM (I)

PAST SIMPLE: FORMS

 | REGULAR VERBS | IRREGULAR VERBS
+ | I / You / He / She / It / We / They walked | I / You / He / She / It / We / They ate
- | I / You / He / She / It /We / They did not (didn’t) walk | I / You / He / She / It / We / They did not (didn’t) eat
? | Did I / you / he / she / it /we / they walk? | Did I / you / he / she / it / we / they eat?

To make regular past simple forms:

1. Most verbs: +ed. e.g. work → worked; help → helped

2. After –e: +d. e.g. hope → hoped; like → liked

3. Verbs ending in –y:
a. Vowel (a, e, o)+y → -yed; e.g. play → played; enjoy → enjoyed
b. Consonant (d, l, r, etc)+y → +ied; e.g. try → tried ; reply → replied

4. Doubling:
a. One vowel+one consonant → double consonant+ed; e.g. stop → stopped; plan → planned
b. Two vowels: don’t double ; e.g. seem → seemed; wait → waited
c. Two consonants: don’t double; e.g. want → wanted; help → helped
d. Only double in STRESSED syllables; e.g. preFER → preferred; BUT WONder → wondered

5. Irregular verbs:
You have to learn the forms one by one.
e.g. go → went; see → saw; buy → bought

We make past simple negatives with DID NOT / DIDN’T + INFINITIVE (without TO)

e.g. He cleaned the car → He did not (didn’t) clean (didn’t cleans) the car

She saw you → She did not (didn’t) see (didn’t sees) you.

We make past simple questions with DID + SUBJECT + INFINITIVE (without TO).

e.g. He cleaned the car → Did he clean the car?

The class went to Rome → Where did the class go?

Choose the correct option to complete the following sentences.

1. She _____________ (not feel) well last night, but she felt fine this morning.

- didn't feel
Feedback: Excellent! 1. She didn’t feel well last night, but she felt fine this morning.
- "*"
Feedback: This is the wrong answer. Please try again.
- "*"
Feedback: Sorry, your answer is wrong. The correct answer is: She didn't feel well last night, but she felt fine this morning.

Past Simple: FORM (II)

Complete the following dialogue with the correct past simple form. Please write your answers using a slash (/) and a space between verbs, e.g. paid / didn't pay / worked, etc.

John: "_____________ (buy) a new pair of shoes yesterday?"

Mary: "No, I ______________. I ________________ (buy) a pair of trainers, which I ________________(need) for my aerobics lesson. I ____________ (meet) Paul in the shopping centre, he was waiting for Karen.

- Did you buy / didn't / bought / needed / met
Feedback: Excellent! Your answer is right. John: "Did you buy a new pair of shoes yesterday?" Mary: "No, I didn't. I bought a pair of trainers, which I needed for my aerobics lesson. I met Paul in the shopping centre, he was waiting for Karen.
- "*"
Feedback: Your answer is wrong. Please try again.
- "*"
Feedback: Your answer is wrong. The correct answer is: John: "Did you buy a new pair of shoes yesterday?" Mary: "No, I didn't. I bought a pair of trainers, which I needed for my aerobics lesson. I met Paul in the shopping centre, he was waiting for Karen.

Present Perfect Simple: FORM (I)

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE: FORMS

 | REGULAR VERBS | IRREGULAR VERBS
+ | I / You / We / They have walked | He / She / It has walked | I / You / We / They have eaten | He / She / It has eaten
- | I / You / We / They have not (haven’t) walked | He / She / It has not (hasn’t) walked | I / You / We / They have not (haven’t) eaten | He / She / It has not (hasn’t) eaten
? | Have I / you / we / they walked? | Has he / she / it walked? | Have I / you / we / they eaten? | Has he / she / it eaten?

To make present perfect, put HAVE / HAS with the past participle (worked, seen, etc).

Regular past participles end in –ED, like past simple tenses.

e.g. work → worked; hope → hoped; stop → stopped; try → tried

With irregular verbs, the past participle is often different from the past simple tense. You have to learn the forms one by one (see third column in any verb list).

e.g. see → seen; speak → spoken; go → gone; buy → bought

We make present perfect questions with HAVE / HAS + SUBJECT + PAST PARTICIPLE.

+ | You have paid | The rain has stopped | Ann and her mother have gone to Paris.
? | Have you paid? | Has the rain stopped? | Have Ann and her mother gone to Paris?

Choose the correct option to complete the following sentences.

1. Ann ___________________ a new coat.

- has bought
Feedback: Very good! Ann has bought a new coat.
- have bought
Feedback: Sorry, wrong answer! Please try again!
- have boughts
Feedback: Sorry, this answer is wrong. Please try again.
- has buy
Feedback: Sorry, your answer is wrong. Please try again.

Present Perfect Simple: FORM (II)

Choose the correct option.

- Has your grandmother and your aunt arrived?
Feedback: Sorry, your answer is wrong. Please try again.
- Have your grandmother and your aunt arrived?
Feedback: Excellent! This is the correct answer. Have your mother and your aunt arrived?
- Have arrived your grandmother and your aunt?
Feedback: Sorry! This answer is wrong. Please try again.

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Present Perfect and Past Simple: USE (I)

I have worn a big hat once in my life. I wore it when I went to a wedding in London five years ago.

Look at the highlighted tenses. What tense refers to a specific time in the past: present perfect or past simple?

- Past simple
Feedback: Well done! This is the correct answer. Past simple refers to a specific time in the past, in this case, five years ago.
- Present perfect.
Feedback: Sorry, this answer is wrong. Present perfect does not refer to a specific time in the past.

Present Perfect and Past Simple: USE (I)

I have worn a big hat once in my life. I wore it when I went to a wedding in London five years ago.

Look at the highlighted tenses. What tense is about some time in your life: present perfect or past simple?

- Present perfect.
Feedback: Excellent! Present perfect is about some time in one's life (once in my life). Past simple refers to a specific time in the past (five years ago).
- Past simple
Feedback: Sorry! This is the wrong answer. Present perfect is about some time in one's life (once in my life). Past simple refers to a specific time in the past (five years ago).

Present Perfect and Past Simple: USE (II)

John has had an accident. He fell off his bicycle when he was going back home after work.

We often use present perfect to give news: to tell people about new things that have happened.

When we give or ask for more past details, we change to the past tenses (simple past or past continuous).

TRUE or FALSE?

- True
Feedback: Excellent! We often use present perfect to give news: to tell people about new things that have happened. When we give or ask for more past details, we change to the past tenses (simple past or past continuous).
- False
Feedback: Sorry! Your answer is wrong. The right answer is: We often use present perfect to give news: to tell people about new things that have happened. When we give or ask for more past details, we change to the past tenses (simple past or past continuous).

Present Perfect and Past Simple: USE (III)

"Where's John?" "He's already gone to work" / "He's just gone to work" / "He hasn't gone to work yet."

I saw Ann yesterday. She phoned me last week. She stopped smoking three years ago.

We use _____________________ with words for a finished time, like yesterday, in 1990, ago, then, when.

- Past simple
Feedback: Very good! We use past simple with words for a finished time, like yesterday, in 1990, ago, then, when.
- Present perfect.
Feedback: Sorry! This answer is wrong.

Present Perfect and Past Simple: USE (III)

"Where's John?" "He's already gone to work" / "He's just gone to work" / "He hasn't gone to work yet."

I saw Ann yesterday. She phoned me last week. She stopped smoking three years ago.

We use _____________________ with already, just, yet.

- Present perfect
Feedback: Very good! We use present perfect with already, just, yet.
- Past simple
Feedback: Sorry! This answer is wrong. We use present perfect with already, just, yet. We use past simple with words for a finished time, like yesterday, in 1990, ago, then, when.

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