Title: Reading
Course: Anglès 4t ESO 1r T

Feedback shared by this category's questions, if right: La teva resposta és correcta.
Feedback shared by this category's questions, if partly right: La teva resposta és parcialment correcta.
Feedback shared by this category's questions, if wrong: La teva resposta és incorrecta.

What is cyber-bullying?

Cyber-bullying is a form of online harassment of a person.  This problem was almost unheard of only 15 years ago.  However, more and more people are now using the Internet.  This is creating new problems for society.   On the Internet, it is easier for people to hide their identity. This can encourage bullies to use the Internet to engage in this kind of harmful behavior.  There are many ways that cyber-bullies use the Internet to hurt their victim.

Cyber-bullies might use social media sites like Facebook or Twitter to make hurtful comments about another person.    They may spread rumors or lies about someone, which can damage the victim’s reputation.  Cyber-bullies often pose as another person in order to try and make their victim say something embarrassing.  They might also try to trick their victim into believing they are in a romantic relationship or friendship that is not real.  Another form of cyber-bullying is to post embarrassing photographs or videos of the victim without asking permission.  These can remain on the Internet for years so they are very distressing for victims.

This type of bullying is becoming more common, especially among young people.  A 2010 CBS News report showed that 42% of young Americans have been the victim of cyber-bullying.  Some victims of cyber-bullying have even committed suicide.  Many governments are trying to make online harassment illegal.  Forty-five states in America have passed laws to prevent online bullying.  Canada is currently considering passing a strict law against cyber-bullying.  It will take some time before society learns how to cope with the potential drawbacks of this new technology.

Article on dreamreader.net under Creative Commons license (Attribution, Non-Commercial, ShareAlike)

Q: Find a synonym for the word "drawbacks" in paragraph 3. Two options are correct.
- pros
- cons
- advantages
- diasadvantages
A: cons / diasadvantages

For U.S. teens today, summer means more schooling and less leisure time than in the past.

The way U.S. teens spend their summer hours is changing. Compared with 10 years ago, teens ages 15 to 17 spend more of their time in the summer to educational activities and less time to leisure, according to a new Pew Research Center analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics data.

On average, teens now spend 39 minutes a day doing homework or classwork, one and a half hours a day on paid work and seven and a half hours a day doing leisure activities during the month of July. As for leisure time, it means they spend less time in socializing or entertainment than they used to. On the flip side, they spend more time in active events such as sports or exercise. What has not changed is the amount of time they spend on screens in the summer: more than three and a half hours a day to activities such as gaming, watching TV, surfing the web and watching videos.

While there have been some shifts in the way teens spend their summertime hours, bigger differences are evident when comparing the summertime with the school year, from September through June. Teens spend about two more hours per day on leisure activities in the summer than in the school year; 53 more minutes per day working; 49 more minutes sleeping; and about four hours less on education.

Text adapted from “For U.S. teens today, summer means more schooling and less leisure time than in the past” by Gretchen Livingston and Amanda Barroso. Pew Research Center, Washington, D.C. (August 13, 2019) https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/08/13/for-u-s-teens-today-summer-means-more-schooling-and-less-leisure-time-than-in-the-past/

The way U.S. teens spend their time is changing, but differences between boys and girls persist

Teens ( ages 15 to 17) today are spending their time differently than they did a decade ago. They sleep more and do much more homework but spend less time to paid work and socializing. But what has not changed are the differences between teen boys and girls in time spent on leisure, grooming, homework, housework and errands, according to a new Pew Research Center analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics data.

During the school year, teens spend an hour a day doing homework and they are clocking an average of over nine and a half hours of sleep a night. Sleep patterns fluctuate quite a bit – on weekends, teens average about 11 hours, while on weekdays they typically get just over nine hours a night. Teens now enjoy more than five and a half hours of leisure a day (5 hours, 44 minutes), mostly spent on screens (3 hours and 4 minutes on average) - gaming, surfing the web, watching videos and watching TV. On weekends, screen time increases to almost four hours a day (3 hours, 53 minutes), and on weekdays teens are spending 2 hours and 44 minutes on screens. They spend around 45 minutes playing sports or other types of leisure such as shopping for clothes, listening to music and reading for pleasure, as they have always done. However, over the past decade, the time spent socializing – including attending parties, extracurriculars, sporting or other entertainment events as well as spending time with others in person or on the phone – has dropped by 16 minutes, to 1 hour and 13 minutes a day. Teens also are spending less time on paid work during the school year than their predecessors, and it proves they are less likely to  work today than in the past.

While the way teens overall spend their time has changed in a number of ways, the differences according to genre ( boys or girls) are still the same. On the one hand, teen boys are spending an average of about six hours a day in leisure time, mostly spent on screens or playing sports. On the other hand, girls prefer shopping for items such as clothes or going to the mall and spend more time than boys on grooming activities, such as bathing, getting dressed, getting haircuts, and other activities related to their hygiene and appearance. Girls spend an average of about an hour a day on these types of tasks (1 hour, 3 minutes); boys spend 40 minutes on them.

When it comes to housework, the differences between boys and girls reflect gender dynamics that are also evident among adults. Teenage girls spend 15 minutes a day, on average, more than boys helping around the house during the school year - cleaning up and preparing food.

Text adapted from  “The way U.S. teens spend their time is changing, but differences between boys and girls persist” by Gretchen Livingston - Pew Research Center, Washington, D.C. (FEBRUARY 20, 2019) https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/02/20/the-way-u-s-teens-spend-their-time-is-changing-but-differences-between-boys-and-girls-persist/

Q: Find a synonym for the word "cope with" in paragraph 3
- run with
- deal with
- put up with
A: deal with

Q: According to the article, how many American states have passed legislation on cyber-bullying?
- 43
- 44
- 45
A: 45

Q: According to the article, why are many governments traying to make online harassment illegal?
- because it causes tragedies for many people
- because society cannot cope with cyber-bullying
- because 42% of young Americans want stricter laws
A: because it causes tragedies for many people

Q: What do the word "they" in paragraph 2 refer to?
- boyfriends
- girlfriends
- cyber-bullies
A: cyber-bullies

Q: What do the word "these" in paragraph 2 refer to?
- victims
- cyber-bullies
- photograpgs or videos
A: photograpgs or videos

Q: Find a synonym for the word "reputation" in paragraph 1
- fame
- character
- appearance
A: character

Q: Find a synonym for the word "hurt" in paragraph 1
- abuse
- assist
- smash
A: abuse

Q: According to the article, why was cyberbullying almost unheard of 15 years ago?
- because recently more people are turning into bullies
- because recently more people are now using the internet
- because bullying someone online is easier than bullying someone physically
A: because recently more people are now using the internet

Q: According to the article, what is cyber-bullying?
- when someone hides their identity online
- when someone posts content online
- when someone uses the internet to harm or frighten another person
A: when someone uses the internet to harm or frighten another person

Q: Identify the ideas and organize them in the order they appear in the text: (1-5) positive views of social media and (6-9) negative views of social media.
- Zone 1 | interact easily
- Zone 2 | entertain yourself
- Zone 3 | express yourself
- Zone 4 | get help from others
- Zone 5 | get information and learn
- Zone 6 | create fake realities
- Zone 7 | waste your time
- Zone 8 | be a victim of social pressure
- Zone 9 | have health disorders
  Hint: Try again!

Q: Facebook is the least popular social media platform among teens in the US.
- Vertader (Text reference: "10% of teens say Facebook is their favourite, and even fewer use Twitter, Reddit or Tumblr")
- Fals (Text reference: "10% of teens say Facebook is their favourite, and even fewer use Twitter, Reddit or Tumblr")
A: Fals

Read the statement, discuss the topic, and give your opinion. Write a text of about 60-80 words. Use a variety of phrases to express your opinion.

"All in all, social media has more positive aspects than negative ones for a teenager"
Feedback: El text es puntua d'acord amb la guia de qualificació per a l'expressió escrita: ASSOLIMENT EXCEL.LENT (5)(A): Escriu un text de la llargada requerida amb frases coordinades i subordinades enllaçades amb connectors variats i puntuació adequada. Utilitza vocabulari i formes verbals que enriqueixen, aporten matisos i donen precisió al contingut del text. Ordena les idees en paràgrafs que respecten la coherència i mostren creativitat i maduresa. ASSOLIMENT NOTABLE (4)(B+): Escriu un text de la llargada requerida amb frases coordinades i alguna subordinada simple, signes de puntuació, marcadors i connectors adequats. Utilitza vocabulari variat i temps verbals adequats. Ordena les idees en paràgrafs que fan el text coherent. Mostra cert grau de creativitat i maduresa. ASSOLIMENT SUFICIENT (3/2)(B/C+): Escriu un text breu que no arriba a la llargada requerida ( min 60 paraules) amb frases simples, vocabulari bàsic, signes de puntuació i connectors bàsics. Comet algun error d'ordre de les paraules a la frase i/o de temps verbal. Ordena la majoria de les idees en paràgrafs temàtics. Malgrat tot, respon a la tasca correctament. ASSOLIMENT BÀSIC(1)(C): Escriu textos molt breus amb frases simples, vocabulari bàsic, signes de puntuació i connectors bàsics. Comet errors d'ordre de les paraules a la frase i/o de temps verbal. No sempre ordena les idees en paràgrafs. NO ASSOLEIX(0)(D): no compleix la majoria dels criteris del nivell bàsic. No ha presentat la tasca dins del termini establert.

Teens, Social Media & Technology 2018

Facebook is no longer the most popular online platform among teens, according to a new Pew Research Center survey . Today, only half of U.S. teens ages 13 to 17 use Facebook, instead, they prefer YouTube, Instagram or Snapchat. And when it comes to which one they use the most, roughly one-third say they visit Snapchat (35%) or YouTube (32%) most often, while 15% say the same of Instagram. By comparison, 10% of teens say Facebook is their favourite, and even fewer use Twitter, Reddit or Tumblr.

Not only this has changed since the survey in 2014, but also smartphones numbers have increased among teenagers: 95% of teens have a smartphone of their own and therefore, they can be online easily: 45% of teens say they are online most of the time.

However, teens disagree on the effect of social media on their lives: 31% of teens think it is mostly positive, 24% of them agree it is mostly negative, but the largest share (45%) says that effect has been neither positive nor negative. Based on their views, we come up with the following groups:

40% of teens say that social media has had a positive impact because it helps them keep in touch and interact with others easily, whether they communicate with family and friends or with new people. Smaller shares argue that social media is good for entertainment (9%), that it offers a space for self-expression (7%) or that it allows teens to get support from others (5%) or to learn new things in general (4%).

Meanwhile, 17% of teenagers feel these platforms harm relationships because they become less human. Some think social media distorts reality and gives teens an unrealistic view of other people’s lives (15%), or that teens spend too much time on social media (14%). Another 12% criticize social media for influencing teens to give in to peer pressure, while a few are worried because social media could lead to psychological issues or drama.

These are some of the main findings from the Center’s survey of U.S. teens conducted March 7-April 10, 2018.

Text adapted from “Teens, Social Media and Technology 2018” by Monica Anderson ans Jingjin Jiang https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2018/05/31/teens-social-media-technology-2018/

Q: American teenagers have changed their habits on the use of social media in the last couple of years.
- Vertader (Text reference: "Facebook is no longer the most popular online platform among teens, according to a new Pew Research Center survey. Today, only half of U.S. teens ages 13 to 17 use Facebook, instead, they prefer YouTube, Instagram or Snapchat")
- Fals (Text reference: "Facebook is no longer the most popular online platform among teens, according to a new Pew Research Center survey. Today, only half of U.S. teens ages 13 to 17 use Facebook, instead, they prefer YouTube, Instagram or Snapchat")
A: Vertader

Q: Teenagers today spend more summer time in leisure activities than in academic ones.
- Vertader
- Fals
A: Fals

Q: Boys and girls spend the same amount of time helping around the house - cleaning up and preparing food.
- Vertader
- Fals
A: Fals

Q: Girls are keen on shopping and grooming activities more than boys are.
- Vertader
- Fals
A: Vertader

Q: Boys and girls spend their time in a different way just like adult men and women do.
- Vertader
- Fals
A: Vertader

Q: Today, teens are as much interested in paid work as they used to be in the past.
- Vertader
- Fals
A: Fals

Q: Over the past decade, the amount of time that teens have dedicated to socializing has increased.
- Vertader
- Fals
A: Fals

Q: Over the past decade, sleeping time among teenagers has increased.
- Vertader
- Fals
A: Vertader

Q: Popular screen activities among teenagers are playing games, watching TV or videos and internet browsing.
- Vertader
- Fals
A: Vertader

Q: As for leisure time, they spend more time practicing sports and exercising than socilaizing and entertaining events.
- Vertader
- Fals
A: Vertader

Q: Compared with 10 years ago, teenagers' habits are quite similar.
- Vertader
- Fals
A: Fals